Southeast Asia's biodiverse rainforests are vital for global ecosystems. With 44% of the region's rainforest, Indonesia faces alarming deforestation, mainly driven by activities like oil palm plantations, logging, and coal mining.

Indonesia's palm oil industry is primarily in Sumatra, with 80% of production. A design site with good accessibility, existing factories, dense plantations, and abundant rainforest was chosen.

K-means clustering through geospatial data was used to identify rainforest damage caused by oil palm plantations. This resulted in a dataset comprising 288 split blocks for detailed site analysis.

The researchers employed K-means machine learning to analyse potential palm oil plantation encroachment factors. From Cluster 3, four 1 km x 1 km areas (Sites 79, 80, 91, and 92) were initially selected. 91 was ultimately chosen as the site.

The team integrated biodiversity integrity, forest carbon emissions, and forest landscape integrity data. They applied the HOGIMAGE algorithm to identify conflict zones between plantations and rainforests, serving as the design boundary space.

Students combined surface data (runoff, elevation, insolation, and NDVI) and used Wallacei, a multi-objective optimisation genetic algorithm, to identify key conflict zones between palm plantations and rainforests within the boundary space.

Global palm oil demand and value make boycotting unrealistic. The conflict arises from competing interests, blurring boundaries. The palm oil value chain was studied for solutions to prevent further encroachment.

L-system growth algorithm was used for diverse spatial forms. The focus is on architectural richness, site suitability, and redefining palm oil production to promote rainforest conservation and consumer awareness.

The image plan depicts the creation of a new production space on the boundary, utilising L-system growth algorithms and incorporating realistic elements to establish an innovative design paradigm.

The architectural cluster maximises the boundary space, bridging the rainforest and oil palm plantation. It provides diverse online and offline spaces for people, connecting nature to urban agriculture.

People from as far away as London, New York and Shanghai can see what's happening inside the stunning rainforest, in the palm oil plantation, and in the interior space, anytime, anywhere, via virtual reality devices connected to drones.